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The Effects of Symbolism in Kate Chopin’s Writings Essay

Critics know Kate Chopin for her regionalist short stories and her often-radical depiction of sexuality in her work. She was able to write very radically and without any qualms because of the influence of her mother, grandmother, and great-grandmother. All three were widows and independent women, which caused Katherine O’Flaherty, born in 1851, to grow up as a smart and strong woman. Most of the women she wrote about in her stories also shared these characteristics. After she graduated at seventeen, she spent the next two years as the â€Å"belle of St. Louis society†. Katherine O’Flaherty married Oscar Chopin in 1870 and â€Å"for the next decade, [Kate] Chopin pursued the demanding social and domestic schedule of a southern aristocrat, her†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"At the ‘Cadian Ball,† the prequel to â€Å"The Storm,† is the story of how the couples in â€Å"The Storm† decided on their fates. The story opens with Bobinà ´ t, a poor farmer, thinking of the ‘Cadian ball. He decides that he does not want to go, but he will because he knows that Calixta will be going, and so will Alcà ©e. Calixta is a beautiful woman of Spanish ancestry and she will be the belle of the ball. Alcà ©e is a wealthy aristocrat, and Bobinà ´t is afraid that if he does not go and prevent Alcà ©e from sweeping Calixta off her feet, he will succeed and take Calixta away from Bobinà ´t. Meanwhile, Alcà ©e is at his plantation where his crops for the year have all died. Although his peers had expected him to feel like a failure, Alcà ©e is unusually quiet and his pseudo-girlfriend Clarisse is worried. One night he rides away unexpectedly, headed for the ‘Cadian ball. Clarisse finds this out from a slave and sets off to follow him there. At the ball, Calixta and Alcà ©e steal away to a quiet corner and start to cuddle and kiss when Clarisse interrupts them, claiming that there is trouble at home. Alcà ©e goes w ith her, leaving Calixta by herself until Bobinà ´t shows up and walks her home. On their walk home, Calixta tells Bobinà ´t that she will accept his marriage offer if he asks her, which causes Bobinà ´t toShow MoreRelatedEssay about Symbolism of â€Å"The Storm1512 Words   |  7 PagesKate Chopin wrote the short story â€Å"The Storm† one of her most bold stories and did not even intention to publish it (Cutter 191). The two main characters in the story are Calixta and Alcee. They both used to be attracted to one another in previous years, but now they are both married to someone else. After Alcee arrives to Calixta’s house looking for shelter they are driven into a passionate moment. In the story â€Å"The Storm† the storm has a significant meaning; without it the affair of Calixta andRead MoreEssay about The Awakening1491 Words   |  6 PagesAwakening nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The novel, The Awakening by Kate Chopin, was written in the late nineteenth century in St. Louis after her husband Oscar died of a severe illness. Her book appeared in 1899, after she was idolized by many novels written by Darwin and Sarah Orne Jewett. Her first attempts at writing were just brief sketches for a local newspaper that was only short descriptions of her life in Louisiana. However, Chopin’s interests had always run along more risky lines, as reflectedRead More Oppression of Women in Chopins Story of an Hour and Gilmans Yellow Wallpaper 1246 Words   |  5 PagesOppression of Women in Chopins Story of an Hour and Gilmans Yellow Wallpaper    The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin and The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman share the same view of the subordinate position of women in the late 1800s. Both stories demonstrate the devastating effects on the mind and body that result from an intelligent person living with and accepting the imposed will of another. This essay will attempt to make their themes apparent by examining a brief summeryRead MoreThe Necklace and Story of an Hour; a Comparison Essay2800 Words   |  12 PagesThe Necklace and Story of An Hour; A Comparison Megan Ford ENG125 Instructor Reljic August 19, 2012 At first glance, Chopin’s Story of an Hour (1894) and de Maupassant’s The Necklace (1884), appear to have very little in common. Chopin’s story, as displayed in its title is quite short; while in comparison, de Maupassant tells a much more detailed account of the beleaguered Loisel’s, who must learn from the self-centred Madam Loisel. With de Maupassant’sRead MoreChopin VS Thurber and Relationships2545 Words   |  11 PagesIn the stories â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty† by James Thurber (Clugston, sec. h1.1) and â€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin (Clugston, sec. h2.1) escapism is a similar theme with in both these stories, yet there is a slight variance in how each of these authors place these characters into their escape from reality, relationships, and everyday chaos. In each of these stories the author shows the characters escaping the realities of the relationship, one through Walter Mitts’ daydreams, and th eRead MoreThe Story of an Hour and a Rose for Emily Essay2219 Words   |  9 PagesCompare Contrast The Story of an Hour and A Rose for Emily Kate Chopins The Story of an Hour and William Faulkners A Rosefor Emily both characterize the nature of marriage and womanhood bydelving into the psyches of their female protagonists. Also, althoughChopin makes no clear reference to geographic locale in The Story of anHour, both authors usually set their stories in the American South, whichimpacts these characterizations. These two tales share many other points ofreference in common

Porter Free Essays

Michael five forces model Rivalry among competing Firms: this is usually the most powerful of the five competitive forces. The strategies pursued by one firm can be successful only to the extent that they provide competitive advantage over the strategies of other firms (Grobler 2009) ? Due to China’s incredibly high FDI rate, more and more companies are investing into Chinese businesses and strengthening them in both their domestic markets and also on the global front. With the ever increasing growth of their domestic markets it will only be a short while before they become the dominant market leader, if in this span of 30 years they could rise from nothing to 4th largest in the world then it shows what impact they really had and still have on the global economy. We will write a custom essay sample on Porter or any similar topic only for you Order Now Potential entry of new competitors: whenever new firms can easily enter a particular industry, the intensity of competitiveness among firm’s increases. ?When new firms become strengthened through investments, they become direct competitors of the leaders in that industry. . g. A new Chinese innovation in the television industry grows rapidly, they will be direct competitors against any television firms based in China, for example LG and Sony Bargaining power of consumers: when consumers are concentrated, large or buy in volume their bargaining power represents a major force affecting intensity of competition in an industry (Grobler 2009) ? This goes for actual customers(public) and b2b businesses, because those that buy the larger quantities would get the cheaper rates no doubt, however in China how will that be decided? Will it be their size, market share, sales or Return on capital employed. Potential development of substitute products: in many industries firms are in close competition with producers of substitute products in other industries. ?As mentioned throughout this article, the Chinese have the ability to imitate anything, this factor will never disappear especially if Chinese firms enter European or American markets, how those manufacturers would react to the Chinese developments are unimaginable. Bargaining power of suppliers: the bargaining power of suppliers affects the intensity of completion in an industry, especially when there are large number of suppliers, when there are only a few good substitutes’ raw materials or when cost of switching materials is especially costly (Grobler 2009) Porter’s five forces will only be effective if it is done in a stable environment, it is done to see how attractive the industry is and if it is worth starting a new venture in that environment. Porter’s generic strategies †¢Cost leadership †¢Differentiation †¢Focus Cost leadership: Cost leadership means having the lowest per-unit (i. . , average) cost in the industry that is, lowest cost relative to your rivals. This could mean having the lowest per unit cost among rivals in highly competitive industries, in which case returns or profits will be low but however higher than competitors Or, this could mean having lowest cost among a few rivals where each firm enjoys pricing power and high profits Notice that cost leadership is defined independently of market structure. Differentiation: Differentiating the product offering of a firm means creating something that is perceived industry wide as being unique. It is a means of creating your own market to some extent. There are several approaches to differentiation: †¢Different design †¢Brand image †¢Number of features †¢New technology A differentiation strategy may mean differentiating along 2 or more of these dimensions. Focus: Here we focus on a particular buyer group, product segment, or geographical market. while low cost and differentiation are aimed at achieving their objectives industry wide, the focus or niche strategy is built on serving a particular target (customer, product, or location) very well. Note, however, hat a focus strategy means achieving either a low cost advantage or differentiation in a narrow part of the market. For reasons discussed above, this creates a defendable position within that part of the market. Risks of doing generic strategies Cost leadership †¢Requires continual capital investment because newer innovations cause older creations to become obsolete. †¢When focusing solely on making affordable low cost products, it can cause firms to be blinded to product changes that are needed. Ie. Quantity over quality †¢When costs do begin to increase it narrows the differences between competitors and advantage is ultimately lost For China, the main risk that would affect them the most is when focusing solely on quantity, especially because of their expertise in manufacturing they could lose sight of changes that need to be done to better sales. However, China does have the leading number of RD departments, even though they might not be as innovative as the Japanese or South Koreans, they have the ability to imitate anything they produce which is why they play a major role in globalization, they can imitate anything except fresh air as they say. Differentiation Customer loyalty becomes too large to hold because of the cost differentiation between low cost firms and differentiating firms. †¢The consumer or buyer’s need to differentiate falls away because of price increases. †¢Imitation decreases perceived differentiation This area is where China are dominant, because they have the influence of causing differentiation to fail, because if the product looks the same, and does the same thing, then why would they ever go for the more expensive, and thus Chinese markets prosper because economies of scale have brought their price down dramatically. This is also when manufacturers have to start looking for alternative suppliers because they now have to compete with China which is not an easy task, and in doing so, it almost definitely forces them to go global. Focus †¢When companies market to niches only they already take the risk of not completely satisfying a demographic segment and with other companies finding alternatives ways to better their market share eg. FDI or RD labs, they face the risk of dissolving. On its own focus strategy’s should not be attempted by almost any kind of company, its main purpose is to satisfy a small group of consumers at a time, and if this is not the aim of the business then they are going to fall extremely short on their company vision. Books Grobler, W. (2009) Business strategy, CTI Education Group, Johannesburg. Johnson, G. scholes, K. Whittington, R. (2008) Exploring corporate strategy, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River. How to cite Porter, Papers

Employ Principles Of Sustainable Development-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Employ Principles Of Sustainable Development? Answer: Introducation There is absolutely no doubt that engineering forms the basic part of the day to day life in a society. From the research, I realized that engineering as a profession has an intrinsic influence on the society. The space that exists between engineering and the society involves many parties such as other engineers, clients, employers, and the public at large thus there is a great role and responsibility that exists for the purposes of ensuring smooth execution of design projects. Besides, an engineer has an incentive to the effective development of the codes as well as the application of codes(Rogers, 2012, p. 633).This I was able to justify by some roles that engineers play including Engineers roles, responsibilities and the need to employ principles of sustainable development: Research-from the research I was able to find that an engineer has the responsibility of conducting a variety of research purposefully to seek innovative principles and processes. This they do to identify the various loopholes that exist in the human life so as to provide a suitable solution to them. There are a variety of ways that they partake this including inductive reasoning, conducting experiments and also employing mathematical and scientific concepts(American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011, p. 858).Besides, I learnt that an engineer has the role of applying the results obtained from the research done to useful purposes. By doing this, new technologies are realized for instance fresh industrial machines, gadgets and other electronic circuits(Vallero, 2008, p. 487). An engineer is greatly involved in the designing of a product by selecting appropriate methodologies and materials guided by the various engineering principles and requirements to meet performance specification and Construction. An engineer has the role of preparing the site and formulating the procedures which will yield the desired quality in an economical manner. Besides the engineer is responsible for assembling and placement of both the required materials, equipment and personnel(Johnston, 2009, p. 844).Also, I did realize that is responsible for providing the selection of equipments and plant layout while putting into consideration the human and economic factors .furthermore, the engineer provides integrates the selected tools, materials and process for testing and inspection.To add on that I did realize that an engineer is responsible for the provision of safe operation and control of machines, plants, power, transportation, and communication. The engineer regulates the system procedures and oversees workforces to achieve consistent and cost-effective operation of multi-faceted equipment(Nottingham, 2009, p. 765). I also discovered some responsibilities that engineers are tasked with including Management and other functions in that they are responsible for analyzing the customer needs recommending the best economical solution to them. For instance In U.S.A and Japan. They also determine how assets are to be utilized and help in Problem solving process by providing a solution to the society. The problems may be of various nature, such as physical or economic and it's the work of the engineer to analyse the overall matter. The engineer should then categorically simplify the situation and come up with a design solution that will be of success(Unesco, 2010, p. 834). There is also the aspect of Decision-making involved with engineers where I came to understand that Besides making technological advances, an engineer is also tasked with the responsibility of ensuring such progress improve the welfare of humans. By employing knowledge, skill, and the distinctive role in society, an engineer must be concerned with the outcomes of technological developments including its impacts both socially, economically and environmentally. Thus he is keen on the creativity and decision-making that will be of overall benefit and not negative impacts. After doing the research on the roles played by engineers in the society, I later came to an interesting part concerning sustainability in engineering and the various ethical values needed in an engineering field. I realized that Sustainability in engineering refers to the process of designing technological systems in a manner that they consume resources and energy in a more sustainable or ecological manner and at a rate which does not compromise the natural environment and possibility of future generations to satisfy their requirements(Pearson, 2007, p. 552). Currently, a larger percentage of the world depends on non-renewable sources of energy generation which in the sustainability aspects are environmentally hazardous. For example the burning of coal. With the increase in demand for energy, sustainable solutions should be provided which is geared towards protecting the environment. One way is by investing more in the solar energy using the solar modules. It is estimated that solar energy has a greater potential when fully tapped such that an area of 250000 square miles could meet the worlds energy needs. Besides, converting households waste into energy is also another way of promoting engineering sustainability(Harding, 2011, p. 330). I realized that exhibiting ethical values and practising them is one of the key aspects towards the development of any organization. Some two key values I found having a direct impact on the way one lives and work are; Trustworthiness a trustworthy person is one that is reliable, keeps promises and has the integrity that will be best desired by any organization Fairness a person who is fair will always be ready to listen to others and doesnt lay blames therefore in situations of ethical conflict they will always look for a solution rather than being rigid in opinion. Managing information and documentation During the research, I realized that Information sharing is key when it comes to teamwork. Since the internet has become an integral part of life, it is more appropriate to consistently use social media platforms such as Skype, electronic mails or even What Sapp groups to share information to each member so that one does not lag behind. While doing documentation, I critically analyzed the various measures which could help enhancing information documentation and management and some of the best measures I came across are creating of files by collecting and naming data in an organized manner i.e. by creating folders, separating completed and ongoing tasks, reviewing records and also naming folders appropriately in a manner meaningful to every team member(Crawley, 2014, p. 212). Additionally, I realized that to ensure that all members work on the recent version of a document can be managed by some means including Using a revision numbering system for instance, minor changes in a folder can be specified by use of decimals i.e. v02-01 shows minor changes done on the first version, v06-01 shows a minor change is done on the sixth version. The inclusion of version control table to any significant document by noting the dates or changes alongside the version number. Members can also decide on who to do the finals and mart them as final(Kramer, 2017, p. 542). Effective communication: Finally, as I concluded my engineering research, I appreciated the value of effective communication. I realized that the success of any teamwork depends on the way information is shared. Hence, I was able to note down some of the effective communication approaches which are essential for any organization. These approaches include oral communication, written communication, presentation skills and professional communication. I came to appreciate that when one provides an audible and simple oral presentation, the team members will be able to comprehend the message being passed across, besides the kind of presentation skills and a bit of professionalism in the presentations are also key. I realized that keeping information professional and in a sound manner that respects the privacy and appreciates the team members is very significant in the development of an organization. I thus considered two examples of case study emails, one being an example of appropriate email shared to group member while the other is one which is unprofessional(Ludden, 2008, p. 732). I sincerely take this moment to express my gratitude to the effort you have placed in leading the current project. It is evident you have sacrificed a lot and it is no doubt you are an inspiration to the members by getting the best out of their skills and talents. Most of them have conveyed their indebtedness to me as well for the supervision and guidance you have provided them. From my evaluation on your projects benchmarks, I must agree that your great effort is being rewarded in concrete results. I am so delighted to see your governance yielding such success! You have indeed demonstrated your determination as a self-same brilliant team leader, and it is my anticipation to witnessing the course in which you will take your forthcoming tasks. This is the last time I am reminding you to submit the reports on the project, the deadline has elapsed and most of you are still not cooperating. If you will not submit the reports by today let none of you blames me. References American Society of Civil Engineers, E., 2011. Engineering Solutions for Sustainability: Materials and Resources. 3rd ed. London: John Wiley Sons. Daniel, B., 2008. Sustainable Design: The Science of Sustainability and Green Engineering. 1st ed. New York John Wiley Sons. Edward, E., 2014. Rethinking Engineering Education: The CDIO Approach. 1st ed. New York: Springer Science Business Media. Harding, R., 2011. Environmental Decision-making: The Role of Scientists, Engineers, and the Public. 2nd ed. Chicago: Federation Press. Kramer, 2017. Effective Communication at Work: Say what you mean and get what you want. 1st ed. Chicago: 50Minutes.com. Ludden, M., 2008. Effective Communication Skills: Essential Skills for Success in Work and Life. 2nd ed. Westminister: JIST Publishing, Nottingham, U., 2009. Sustainability Engineering. 1st ed. Nottingham: University of Nottingham. Pearson, N., 2007. FCS Professional Engineering Practice L4. 2nd ed. Pretoria: Pearson South Africa. Peter B., 2012. An Introduction to Sustainable Development. 2nd ed. Chicago: Earthscan. Stephen, K., 2009. Engineering and Society: Challenges of Professional Practice. 2nd ed. Carlisle: Prentice Hall, Unesco, 2010. Engineering: Issues, Challenges and Opportunities for Development. 1st ed. new york UNESCO,

Government Morality free essay sample

An essay on moral conduct of governments with special consideration to Glenn Tinders book entitled Political Thinking: The Perennial Questions and Niccolo Machiavellis The Prince. Political theorists over time have attempted to answer the question of whether governments should be under the same moral limits as individuals. This paper examines the theories and opinions of two writers by looking at their literature. These opinions are presented and compared. Political theorists over time have attempted to answer the question of whether governments should be under the same moral limits as individuals. Some men have attacked this question at its very core, and there they face another question. What is moral law, and how is it formed? Other philosophers have pondered the extent of limits on power in general, and some have entertained ideas of a government without limits and a society with an abundance of limits. Through discussion of all these aspects, it remains unclear whether governments should be held under the same moral code as the individuals that it rules and represents. We will write a custom essay sample on Government Morality or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Medieval Jousting.

Medieval Jousting. Jousting was all about the skillful use of the lance while riding a fast moving horse. This was in recognition of the mounted knights most formidable weapon, the massed charge of lance equipped armored horsemen. It was this tactic that had defeated the Roman legions, Viking raiders, and just about every foe encountered. These charges sometimes failed, but that was rare. Anyone on the receiving end of these attacks could simply count themselves lucky if they survived. Until the 11th century, knights used their spears like swords, for thrusting, not as what we now think of as lancers. The joust was an idealized form of knightly combat that rarely occurred on the battlefield. In a joust, two knights charged each other, armed with a lance, the object being to use the lance to unhorse one's opponent. No doubt this event became the premier tournament event because of the dramatic effect of two mounted knights in full armor charging each other at full speed.English: Jousting at the Bristol Renaissance Faire...The earliest tournament jousts simply had two groups of knights chase each other over an open area, called the lists, attempting to unhorse each other with a lance, sword, simply fancy riding. The lists covered an area that might be as large as several hundred acres, and the joust might involve over a hundred knights on each side. This was a very rough game. Deaths were common and ten percent or more of the participants might be injured. During this period, knights began to wear additional padding under their armor as protection from the blows from blunted swords and the falls from their horses. During the 12th century, it became more common to have knights go one on one in jousts. These were pretty simple affairs. The two knights, separated by 100-300 yards of open space,

Huffman Trucking - Tools For Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Huffman Trucking - Tools For Business - Essay Example This essay stresses that the tracking and surveillance feature – this feature will allow the company to monitor truck movements real time. With this feature available, it will be easy to monitor trucks on every shipping activity. This will also allow the headquarters to determine consistency of data under which is stated on the communication log sheet. This paper makes a conclusion that location indicator – provides the company and drivers with the exact location of the delivery point and their actual location, the GPS can also provide alternate routes (in cases that original routes are not accessible due to unexpected situations). This supports the objective of the delivery schedule and itinerary sheet. Delivery schedule and itinerary sheet is a tool used to organize and plan the route of each truck that goes from departure point to destination point, depending on the schedules and destination of delivery, this tool can also help determine which orders can go out in one truck. The delivery schedule and itinerary sheet also helps maximize time and efficiency for deliveries and fuel. The communication log sheet is a tool which provides data on the status or condition of each truck. Accidents like engine breakdown, heavy traffic and bad weather condition may occur, in these cases drivers would radio condition to the nearest br anch or head quarters. All communication details are logged in the communication log sheet.

Leading Organizational Change (Individual Change Project) Assignment

Leading Organizational Change (Individual Change Project) - Assignment Example Human Resource Organization is the organization that is going to focus on. The organizational transition will make the organization change structurally and advance technologically. Through technological advancement, the organizational Change will help organization venture in educating its recruits, get them involved in different activities, and amend rules to inspire various employees (Anderson, 130). Improving support and remuneration methods and also different employees will get to work in various departments and their ranks will be improved. My greatest personal challenge to achieving the set objectives is hesitation and diffidence. Struggling to deal with doubt and timidity leads to torpor. Discerning opinion and preservation show that people identify that the details are in line with their views. It’s a routine that people fail to approve their views if change does not occur (Anderson, 130). I can assess transitional readiness by taking note of where change has been experienced in the organization. Some sectors tend to perform better than others (Anderson, 130).

Comparative Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Comparative Law - Essay Example Political arguments about gun rights fall into two basic categories, first, does the government have the authority to regulate guns, and second, if it does, is it effective public policy to regulate guns? (Spitzer, 1995). Gun debate refers to a continuing political and social debate concerning both the constraint and accessibility of firearms within the United States. It has been among the most controversial and intractable issues in  American politics. The debate has been distinguished by an impasse between an individual right to bear arms based on the  second amendment  and the accountability of government to avert crime, preserve order and protect the welfare of its residents. The right to own a gun and defend oneself is considered by some as a central tenet of the  American identity (Spitzer, 1995). The two early state court cases,  Bliss  and  Buzzard, set the debate in interpreting the Second Amendment, i.e. whether it protected an Individual Right or a Collective Right and occupied the American legal experts thinking for years to come .A debate about how to interpret the Second Amendment evolved through the decades and remained unresolved until the 2008  District of Columbia v. Heller  U.S. Supreme Court decision (Cornell , 2006). ... Gun rights groups maintain that bans on the sale of certain types of weapons have not proved effective in reducing violent crime, and that proposals for stricter background checks at gun shows are designed to eliminate gun shows themselves. Some gun manufacturers have volunteered support for safety locks, but the NRA has criticized safety locks for placing an undue burden on gun manufacturers without a proven benefit to the public (Crothers, 2003). The first category, collectively known as rights-based arguments, consist of Second Amendment arguments, state constitution arguments, right of self-defense arguments, and security against tyranny and invasion arguments. Public policy arguments, the second category of arguments, revolve around the importance of a militia, the reduction of gun violence and firearm deaths, and also can include arguments regarding security against foreign invasions. On June 26, 2008, in  District of Columbia v. Heller,  the United States Supreme Court aff irmed, by a 5-4 vote, the decision of the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals. This decision struck down the D.C. gun law. It also clarifies the scope of the  Second Amendment to the United States Constitution, stating that it stipulates an individual  right  irrespective of membership in a militia. However, the court made it clear that like other rights, the right to bear arms is not without limitations, leaving open the prospect of governmental regulation. The decision declined to rule on the  incorporation  of the Second Amendment, leaving its applicability to the states unsettled "While the status of the Second Amendment within the twentieth-century incorporation debate is a matter of importance for the many challenges to state gun control laws, it is an issue that we need not

Health Risks of Weight Gain and Obesity

Health Risks of Weight Gain and Obesity This essay will analyse some of the main health risks posed by weight gain and obesity such as the risk of developing chronic heart disease, diabetes and cancer. It will also discuss some of the factors that can impact on wellbeing and the strategies in place nationally to promote healthy living habits. The World Health Organisation (W.H.O), reports that weight gain is a global issue, and reports that â€Å"42 million children under the age of five were overweight or obese in 2013†. Their research found that people who are overweight have a higher risk of heart disease, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, Type 2 diabetes and other chronic diseases such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), cancer and stroke. To reduce these risks we need to help the body maintain good weight. The British Heart Foundation(BHF) advises people to seek support from a GP or even family and friends who can help to establish long term goals to achieve this. In relation to this, there are two calculations used by health professionals to predict if someone is at increased risk of serious illness: waist circumference and body mass index or BMI (Body Mass Index), calculated by dividing one’s weight (kg) by the square of their height (m). Defining children as overweight is a difficult process since their height and weight changes at the same time, and growth patterns differ between the sexes so separate charts are used for calculations. The National Child Measurement Programme analyses these calculations in preschool children aged 4-6 in the UK and are a part of national measures to tackle obesity. A 2013 survey by Public Health England (PHE) found that obesity prevalence in 4-5 and 10-11 year olds has been increasing. These children would need to lose weight to improve their health and lessen the risk that they will become obese adults. In 2012 The BHF estimated that more than a quarter of adults in England were obese. In its 2012 statistical report, the BHF reported that coronary heart disease was the biggest killer in the UK in 2010. It is a common consequence of being overweight and obese and occurs when fatty material blocks arteries. The BHF advises people to eat healthily, lower alcohol consumption, exercise and avoid smoking to lower the risk. Being overweight can affect the risk of cancer because fat tissues in the body produce hormones that can affect the way cells work. According to Cancer Research UK, obesity is linked to one in twenty cancers in the UK and is also a factor in three of the hardest to treat cancers including: pancreatic, gallbladder and oesophageal. Smoking also increases the risk of developing at least 13 types of cancer including Lung Cancer. Chemicals in cigarettes permanently damage DNA which can cause cancer cells to grow and multiply. Smoking is also a major cause of Strokes and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). People suffering from COPD struggle to breathe in and out due to the long term damage to the tissue around the lungs. The NHS estimates that nearly three million people in the UK are affected by COPD. People can slow the progression of the disease by stopping smoking, eating healthily and exercising. Like Coronary Heart Disease, strokes are linked to high blood pressure, which is often linked to smoking. Strokes occur when the brain’s blood supply is restricted when the arteries become blocked causing blood clots. The NHS advises people to reduce the risk of stroke by eating a healthy diet which can lower cholesterol levels, exercising regularly and cutting down smoking and alcohol consumption. According to Diabetes UK, diabetes affects 3.2 million people in the UK and is associated with high or low glucose and poor blood circulation since it causes arteries to become ‘’furred up’’. Diabetes occurs when there is too much glucose in the blood. Type 1 Diabetes usually appears in childhood and can be controlled by insulin injections. Type 2 Diabetes usually appears in people over 40, and is treated by a combination of eating healthy, exercising and medication. Complications can occur when diabetes is not managed properly since high glucose levels can damage the small blood vessels that supply key organs. Diabetes UK lists complications including: cardiovascular and kidney disease, feet ulcers, eye and nerve problems, and high blood pressure. The NHS reports that High Blood Pressure (Hypertension) , often named the ‘silent killer’, affects about 30% of the English population and if untreated can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke. High Blood pressure can be reduced by altering the lifestyle by stopping smoking, lowering alcohol and caffeine consumption, and lowering weight via healthy eating and exercise. It can also be treated with some medication. Good habits learned in childhood can ensure that key health factors such as eating varied foods as part of a healthy balanced diet and exercising become part of the daily routine. The British Nutrition Foundation recommends teaching children early about the various food groups that make up a nutritionally balanced plate, illustrated via the â€Å"Eat Well Plate†. These food groups and their key benefits are summarised as: -Carbohydrates: starchy foods which should form the base of what we eat and include potatoes, rice, bread, pasta. Some of these foods are available as white or wholegrain and health professionals advise to choose the wholegrain varieties such as brown rice, as they contain more minerals, vitamins and fibre. -Protein can be found in meat, fish and beans and is essential for the body to grow and repair itself. Meat is a main source of B12, a vitamin that cannot come from vegetables. According to the National Institute of Health, B12 deficiency can lead to loss of appetite, memory loss and depression. B12 components can also reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke. Meat can be a source of vitamins, zinc and iron, but also of fat so it is advisable to buy lean meat or poultry. Oily fish such as mackerel and sardines contain essential omega 3 fatty acids that help to fight blockages in the arteries thereby reducing cholesterol and preventing heart disease. -The dairy group comprises milk and dairy products, foods high in fat but which contain calcium, which helps to keep bones strong. Despite being high in calories fats have some beneficial roles such as helping to transport essential vitamins around the body. Fats come in two types. Saturated fat comes mainly from animal products such as meat, dairy and eggs and can increase cholesterol in the body which can lead to heart disease. Unsaturated fat products are found mainly in vegetables and plants such as nuts, olives and avocados and are beneficial to the body and help to lower cholesterol. -Fruit and vegetables help to keep the body healthy as they are low in fat and are high in essential vitamins and minerals such as vitamin C, potassium, as well as fibre which helps to reduce bowel cancer, as well as heart disease and stroke. The Department of Health recommends eating at least five portions of fruit and vegetables a day to reduce these risks and has introduced a free piece of fruit or vegetable portion to every child in primary school aged between 4-6 years under the School Fruit and Vegetable Scheme. Findings in 2014 by the National Diet and Nutrition Survey showed that too many people eat more than the daily recommended amount of sugar. Sugars occur naturally in foods such as fruit and milk, but they are dangerous when added to food and drink such as biscuits, fizzy drinks, sweets and contribute to obesity and tooth decay. To help children develop good eating habits early, parents can engage children in creative activities at home such as cooking demonstrations that can help children to explore and taste new foods,explore new colours and textures which can fuel excitement and interest in food. Children can be involved in the shopping experience,at the supermarket they can select their own fruit and vegetables. Children involved in these activities,or who eat at a table with others are more likely to try different foods which can lower the risk of becoming picky eaters. The WHO recommends that children should undertake at least one hour a day of physical activity. It is therefore important that parents find opportunities to incorporate active play opportunities in a childs daily routine. The NHS advises parents to minimise the amount of time young children under five spend being restrained in a car seat or pram,or watching television. It advises that in order to maintain a healthy BMI,small children under five should be physically active for three hours spread over the day. The guidance includes energetic activities for increased movement such as swimming,using the climbing frame,chasing games involving running e.g. hide and seek. Small children can be encouraged to free play before an evening meal rather than watching television. In addition parents can involve children with physical tasks around the home,for example with cleaning or gardening. Young babies can be involved in light activity at home:such as by encouraging babies to crawl,jump or roll. Parents can let a baby kick on a changing mat before a bath or after being changed. A 2012 Health for England Survey reported that physical activity is important for preschool children as it increases bone and muscle strength,attention,and improves behaviour and achievement. However, childrens play is becoming increasingly restricted due to factors such as parents working later hours, lack of suitable outdoor play space and parents fears about childrens safety on the streets. Some charities such as Change for Life and Play for England campaign to increase awareness of the benefits that play has for children, and campaigns to increase outdoor play spaces for children. They suggest that trips to the local park and adventure playgrounds are great outdoor play opportunities, particularly valuable in a modern, urbanised society. Their Street Play Project for example,campaigns to increase residential-led street play for children particularly in disadvantaged areas. Reducing ill health is one the Governments visions for children and families in the UK, who following the tragic death of Victoria Climbe put together a programme-Every Child Matters to bring together all agencies looking after children in their care to prevent ill treatment. It created legislation to promote childrens mental and physical health by bring together all agencies to improve outcomes for all children in their care. Physical activity is also at the heart of the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) Curriculum,one of the seven areas of achievement intended to help preschool children recognise the importance of physical activity in maintaining a healthy lifestyle by the time the reach the end of the curriculum. Looking after the emotional aspects of life is also an important consideration of wellbeing, sitting side by side with eating healthy and staying physically fit. It is now largely accepted that what children become in their adult lives is to a great extent a product of their experiences in the early stages of their lives (Measuring National Wellbeing 2012). However research carried out by PHE in 2013 found regional differences in physical activity and wellbeing,with higher levels of obesity detected in deprived areas of low income. Issues such as poor quality of housing and material deprivation including toys and food can have a negative effect on a young persons wellbeing. These issues contravene some beneficial principles families should incorporate to promote a harmonious environment in the home where wellbeing can thrive. Two key principles are: -Avoiding conflict within the home as this creates a negative atmosphere -The consistency approach,if followed helps to develop reliability,trust and learning that actions have consequences. In childcare settings it is essential to monitor and evaluate childrens development to ensure that they are not displaying signs of physical, social or emotional difficulties affecting their wellbeing. Equally, education practitioners can also help parents who need support with physical, emotional and economic problems impacting on their wellbeing, by offering access to parenting services such as the Triple P Program (Positive Parenting Programme) which claims that it helps lower parents stress,anger and depression. Courses include individual consultations with trained professionals and group sessions where parents can meet together in an encouraging and non judgemental environment where they can share experiences. In conclusion, the trend in modern society is for people to become less active, in particular children who are leading increasingly sedentary lives. Parents find it challenging to help children meet the recommended minimum of one hour a day of moderate exercise, as parents work increasingly longer hours,and outdoor play spaces are reduced in urbanised environments. Lack of exercise and high carb diets mean that children are more at risk of developing serious health difficulties in the future-obesity,heart disease,weakened bone structure and cancer. It is therefore important for parents to make a change since children who develop an active lifestyle and are introduced to a variety of physical activities are much more likely to continue that healthy lifestyle into adulthood. Governments also need to continue to prevent and promote good health as identified by the Every Child Matters and School Fruit and Vegetable Scheme. Reference List World Health Organisation (2014) Obesity and Overweight,Factsheet No311 http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/ (accessed 13 November 2014) Townsend N, Wickramasinghe K, Bhatnagar P, Smolina K, Nichols M, Leal J, Luengo-Fernandez R, Rayner M (2012). Coronary heart disease A compendium of health statistics 2012 edition. British Heart Foundation: London. file:///C:/Users/monicasofia/Downloads/2012_CHD_Statistics_Compendium.pdf (Accessed 11 November 2014).Pages accessed: p8,p10 British Heart Foundation,Preventing Heart Disease 2014 http://www.bhf.org.uk/heart-health/prevention.aspx(Accessed 12 November 2014). Public Health England, National Child Measurement Programme Operational Guidance,May 2014. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/361189/NCMP_operational_guidance_v2_Sept_14.pdf (Accessed 14 November 2014). Cancer Research Uk,Obesity,Body weight and Cancer,2014. http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/cancer-info/healthyliving/obesity-bodyweight-and-cancer/obesity-body-weight-and-cancer Accessed 12th November 2014). Kath Roberts, Nick Cavill, Caroline Hancock and Harry Rutter Public Health England Social and Economic Inequalities in diet and physical activity 2013, p8,9, http://www.noo.org.uk/uploads/doc/vid_19253_Social_and_economic_inequalities_in_diet_and_physical_activity_04.11.13.pdf (Accessed 14 November 2014) NHS ,Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseaese 2014, http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease/Pages/Introduction.aspx#close.Smokers (Accessed 13 November 2014). NHS ,Stroke-Prevention,(2014), http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Stroke/Pages/Prevention.aspx (Accessed 12 November 2014). NHS,High Blood Pressure,2014 http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Blood-pressure-(high)/Pages/Introduction.aspx (Accessed 12 November 2014) Diabetes UK ,What is Diabetes, 2014, http://www.diabetes.org.uk/Guide-to-diabetes/What-is-diabetes/ (Accessed 10 November 2014). Diabetes UK,Nerves, Diabetes Complications 2014, http://www.diabetes.org.uk/Guide-to-diabetes/Complications/ (Accessed 12 November 2014) British Nutrition Foundation 2014,www.nutrition.org.uk (accessed 12 Novemebr 2014). National Institute of Health,June,24,2011.Vitamin B12 Factsheethttp://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminB12-Consumer/#h1 (Accessed 12 November 2014) Department of Health,The National Archives,5 a Day http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publichealth/Healthimprovement/FiveADay/Index.htm (Accessed 12 November 2014). Department of Health,The National Archives School Fruit and Vegetable Scheme 22 march 2010 http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publichealth/Healthimprovement/FiveADay/FiveADaygeneralinformation/DH_4002149 (Accessed 12 November 2014) Public Health England Reducing Obesity and Improving Diet,Public Health and Young People 14 May 2014 https://www.gov.uk/government/news/new-national-diet-and-nutrition-survey-shows-uk-population-is-eating-too-much-sugar-saturated-fat-and-salt (Accessed 10 November 2014) Kath Roberts, Nick Cavill, Caroline Hancock and Harry Rutter ,Public Health England Social and Economic Inequalities in Diet and Physical Activity 2013 http://www.noo.org.uk/uploads/doc/vid_19253_Social_and_economic_inequalities_in_diet_and_physical_activity_04.11.13.pdf (Accessed 14 November 2014) Health Survey for England Summary of Key Findings 2012 http://www.hscic.gov.uk/catalogue/PUB13218/HSE2012-Sum-bklet.pdf (Accesed 12 november 2014) Every Child Matters,Department of Health -2003 https://www.education.gov.uk/consultations/downloadableDocs/EveryChildMatters.pdf (Accessed 13 November 2014) Play for England 2014 http://www.playengland.org.uk/ (Accessed 14 November 2014) Change 4 Life 2014 http://www.nhs.uk/change4life/Pages/why-change-for-life.aspx (Accessed 14 November 2014) Theodore Joloza, Office for National Statistics,Measuring National Well-being-Children’s Well Being ,2012, http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171766_283988.pdf (Accessed 14 November 2012). Triple P Programme http://www.triplep.net/glo-en/home/ (Accessed 13 November 2014)

The Homeless In England :: essays research papers

The Homeless in England Introduction I decided to study the homeless' situation before we went to England, so I tried to get information about it via the internet, but it was so much information that I soon gave up... When we got to England I thought about changing subject to the pub culture because it seemed easier to write about, but after a few days I had seen so many homeless people that I got used to it and therefor dared to talk to them and ask them questions about their situation and why they where homeless. Many people just walked right by the homeless without even look at them (rather the reverse, look another way), but other people stopped to talk to them and buy their paper. I've used the homeless people as sources and also their paper. When I came home I searched on the internet to get information and there was a lot of it, so I choosed some headings and took a closer look at them. Who's homeless? I thought, before I went to England, that every homeless person was that by his/her own choice, but after talking to them and read about it I know that some of the homeless is that by their own choice. They choose to be homeless for different reasons, like a protest against the society or just to try the homeless life. 25% of the homeless are war veterans and most of them from Vietnam. They are mentally traumatised by their war experiences, some of them are disable and others are just unable to find work so they can pay a rent. 25% of the homeless are children and many of them are alone. They're maybe run- aways who left home because there was no food at home, or because they're victims of rape, incest or violence. Many of them are "throwaways", whose parents tell them to leave home or won't allow them to return home once they've left. Many of the homeless are elderly people with fixed income, and I guess that's not the traditional image of homeless people. They receive about  £450 a month in benefits and if they pay  £350 for rent it's pretty logical that they can't live a decent life. Many elderly people are living in poverty in an apartment with no proper heating, no water etc., and many of the elderly homeless are afraid to go to soup kitchens or shelters, so they aren't seen on the streets. Myths There's a lot of myths going around about the homeless. Very often these myths are told by someone without any or with just a little knowledge about the

Dealer Satisfaction

WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT Introduction A firm is required to maintain a balance between liquidity and profitability while conducting its day to day operations. Liquidity is a precondition to ensure that firms are able to meet its short-term obligations and its continued flow can be guaranteed from a profitable venture. The importance of cash as an indicator of continuing financial health should not be surprising in view of its crucial role within the business.This requires that business must be run both efficiently and profitably. In the process, an asset-liability mismatch may occur which may increase firm’s profitability in the short run but at a risk of its insolvency. On the other hand, too much focus on liquidity will be at the expense of profitability and it is common to find finance textbooks begin their working capital sections with a discussion of the risk and return tradeoffs inherent in alternative working capital policies.Thus, the manager of a business entity is in a dilemma of achieving desired tradeoff between liquidity and profitability in order to maximize the value of a firm. Importance of Working Capital The working capital meets the short-term financial requirements of a business enterprise. It is a trading capital, not retained in the business in a particular form for longer than a year. The money invested in it changes form and substance during the normal course of business operations.The need for maintaining an adequate working capital can hardly be questioned. Just as circulation of blood is very necessary in the human body to maintain life, the flow of funds is very necessary to maintain business. If it becomes weak, the business can hardly prosper and survive. Working capital starvation is generally credited as a major cause if not the major cause of small business failure in many developed and developing countries. Objectives of Working CapitalIt is becoming more and more difficult to use debt to finance mechanical engineering firms. Companies in this industry are therefore forced to optimize their capital employed in order to become less dependent on borrowed money. Management of Working Capital While the performance levels of small businesses have traditionally been attributed to general managerial factors such as manufacturing, marketing and operations, working capital management may have a consequent impact on small business survival and growth.The management of working capital is important to the financial health of businesses of all sizes. The amounts invested in working capital are often high in proportion to the total assets employed and so it is vital that these amounts are used in an efficient and effective way. However, there is evidence that small businesses are not very good at managing their working capital. Given that many small businesses suffer from under capitalisation, the importance of exerting tight control over working capital investment is difficult to overstate

Public Speaking Review

Public speaking is an essential tool that all students, more specifically communication studies majors, must learn and become familiar with. Learning how to be an influential public speaker can be the key difference to either succeeding or failing, in school, work, at home, and/or in your community. It Is no surprise that public speaking would be a requirement for a communication studies major at LULUS. There are a multitude of careers that a student pursuing a major in communication studies could aim for, it all depends on the person; however they are going to need public speaking in whichever career path they are aiming for.This course is designed to help build individuals' personal and professional confidence, success, and understanding of public speaking. Through the development of confidence, success, and understanding, the student develops the ability to present Information logically, advocate Ideas In an open mindset of civic discourse, and critically distinguish among differe nt opinions, all which represent necessary skills for personal and professional enrichment in the area of public communication. Through experiences within public speaking o develop a sense of self-worth and self-confidence that one might have not known they had to begin with.Developing an understanding of how crucial public speaking Is vital to one who Is studying communication studies. Understanding the art of persuasion and Its connection with public speaking is of utmost importance when interpreting the public speaking course. Aristotle once said, â€Å"speech which fails to convey a plain meaning will fail to do Just what speech has to do. â€Å"(Hosteller ; Kohl) The concept of clarity is important in a persuasive speech because it is the orator's spontaneously to clarify for the audience the topic being advocated and what they need to do to take action.A persuasive speech should cover a controversial topic that a portion of the audience has a view different than the orator. The goal of a persuasive speech is to modify the audiences' beliefs, attitudes, and/or behavior by the use of quality evidence, reasoning, and ethical emotional appeals. Persuading others is particularly important In our everyday lives, often one is called on to convince, motivate, or persuade others to change their beliefs, take an action, or Many people pursue careers that giving recursive speech is a critical part of gaining and continuing career success.Some individuals make careers out of public speaking, to various groups who pay to listen to them, such as, motivational speakers, authors or even pastors. Yearly, these speakers make millions of dollars from people who simply want to be motivated to do better in their every day lives. Nonetheless, persuading others is a challenging task in public speaking. By developing the skill to persuade effectively, he or she will see it as personally and professionally rewarding because it is not an easy thing that Just anyone can do. Info rmative speaking is one of the most common types of public speaking.Every day people give others information in an informal way, whether they realize it or not, for example showing a coworker how to count the money in the drawer. Information plays a vital role in our every day lives. The main goal of an informative speech is to share with the audience knowledge about a subject or teach them more about a subject they are already familiar with. There are a variety of different reasons to deliver an informative speech, such as sharing with classmates about expertise on traveling abroad, or a local community roof might want to hear about a volunteer experience enjoyed over the summer.During the course of ones career and in their personal life, informative speaking will be used. Informative speeches provide people with knowledge, when other people share facts or circumstances associated with some sort of topic; our understanding or awareness is increased. Through an informative speech, o ur perceptions are shaped, by bringing how a person might see a certain subject and bringing it to light, or might influence what is seen as important by simply directing attention to the topic. Information helps us shape who we are, interpret experiences, and gives us meaning to situations.

Local Mobile Market Makes Glob essays

Local Mobile Market Makes Glob essays Thailand has become one of Nokia's top 10 markets for mobile phones and the company expects the market to keep growing. "The Asia-Pacific region is |an important region for Nokia |with three of our 10 largest markets in the world located in this region |- China, the Philippines and Thailand. We believe the region |will continue to see healthy growth over the next few years," Robert Anderson, senior vice president of Nokia Mobile Phone Asia-Pacific, said at the company's Asia-Pacific launch of its new mobile phones here on Tuesday. Nokia's "Style My Mobile World" event in Melbourne was held simultaneously with one at CeBIT 2002, the global technology fair in Hanover, Germany. Nokia holds the largest share |of the Thai mobile phone mar-|ket with about 40 per cent, follow-|ed by Motorola, Siemens and Ericsson. Telecom analysts have fore-|cast that the Thai mobile-phone |market will reach eight million |units this year, up from six million last year. Some of the six Nokia mobile phones unveiled on Tuesday were tailored to the Asia-Pacific market, including the Nokia 3510, which supports general packet radio services and multimedia messaging as well as polyphonic sounds. The model will go on sale in Europe, Africa and the Asia-Pacific in the second quarter of this year, Nokia said. The 3315 model was designed exclusively for the Asia-Pacific |market. It will have a picture |editor, a Chinese phonebook and Thai input. Nokia Mobile Phones (Thailand) launched the first Thai-enabled Nokia 3350 model in Thailand on January 27. Nokia also unveiled its colour-screen 7210 model - which supports multimedia messaging service (MMS) and can be used on GSM networks in Europe, Asia and the United States - at Tuesday's event. Nokia will begin shipping the 7210 early in the third quarter. ...

Ethanol vs methanol as gasoline supplement Research Paper

Ethanol vs methanol as gasoline supplement - Research Paper Example The saturated hydrocarbons are the major components of gasoline mainly alkenes like 2-methyl-2-butene, alkanes like isooctane and cycloalkanes. In addition it also contains oxygenators which are pre used hydrocarbons that contain oxygen and are good substitutes for aromatics besides reducing the smog forming properties of exhaust gases. They include ethanol, methanol, methyl tertiary butyl ether and tertiary amyl methyl ether. Gasoline contains octane enhancers, aromatics like benzene, and blending agents to make high quality gasoline by adding preservatives. Methanol is used as safe way of storing energy. It is yielded by recycling carbon dioxide gas from its toxic state to inexhaustible carbon source. It is also environmental friendly due to its reductive conversion from carbon dioxide. It can also be converted to di-methyl ether which possesses a high calorific value and is an excellent diesel and house hold gas substitute. In addition methanol and related oxygenates can be made f rom carbon dioxide through aqueous electro-catalytic reduction without prior electrolysis of water to yield hydrogen leading to formation of oxygenated fuels through electrolytic conversion of water and carbon dioxide. ... When used as a fuel the engine of the motor vehicle must be designed to run on high alcohol levels (Dewick, Green and Miozzo 134). Also fuels containing ethanol release less energy compared to non-alcoholic fuels. Being an excellent solvent it dissolves fuel system parts, rubbers, plastic, fiber glass and to some extent aluminum. In addition the rubber that is used to in the fuel system parts shrink, swell or loose strength when exposed to ethanol reformulated gasoline. Methanol can be used as alternative fuel in small petrol engines having an advantage over gasoline because it is liquid under atmospheric pressure and also its energy density is about half of that of gasoline (Liu and Zhang 56). The distribution of methanol uses the same infrastructure as for distributing gasoline. The vehicles that are to use methanol needed to be installed with direct methanol fuel cells in contrast to hydrogen consuming devices which require liquid fuel to deliver power to run the automobiles. Use of methanol as fuel is eco-friendly hence posing intrinsic advantages to the environment than using gasoline as it enables efficiency of the engine, greater power density and it is cost effective (Liu and Zhang 55). DISCUSSION Ethanol is hygroscopic and an excellent solvent. Ethanol is added at gasoline pumps after the gas has been produced and delivered at the major gas refinery because of the risk of water contamination when traveling through the pipelines. Studies have shown that 10% ethanol gasoline dissolves 50 times more water than the conventional non-alcohol gasoline. Water dissolves in an ethanol blended fuel leading to the occurrence of phase separation (Miller and Spoolman 420-425). Phase separation of gasoline occurs because too much water is absorbed

Explaining a Concept Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Explaining a Concept Research Paper - Essay Example Human activities that cause an increase in the amount of green house gases in the atmosphere include: industrial farming, cutting down of trees and burning of fossil fuels. This paper will give an overview of the issue of global warming and will highlight its impacts and measures developed to contain the issue. Green house gases are described as atmospheric gases that absorb and release radiation within the range of the thermal infrared through a process identified as the green house effect (Bhatia 124). The main green house gases in the atmosphere are carbon dioxide, water vapor, nitrous oxide, ozone and methane. Green house gases tend to increase atmospheric temperatures as they allow incoming solar radiation to get into the atmosphere but they trap the outgoing wave radiation of heat preventing it from escaping. This will cause heating of the atmosphere leading to global warming. Research has been carried out by scientists to determine the effects of global warming which include s ediment research, tree- ring research and ice- core analysis. The sediment research has identified that water levels in the oceans are reducing compared to water levels about 400,000 years ago. The tree ring research, on the other hand, shows the levels of atmospheric precipitation (Siegfried and Avery 128). These researches have provided sufficient evidence to show that global warming has resulted in changes in climate. Researchers have therefore concluded that human activities and unregulated release of green house gases into the atmosphere are the main causes of global warming and climate change. Governments, researchers and conservationists have acknowledged the adverse impacts that global warming may have on the environment if corrective measures are not put into place. Global warming is a serious problem that has adverse impacts on sustainable development of the nation. Adaptation has been identified as a strategy that can be applied to enable the nation to deal with climate c hange. Adaptation will involve making necessary adjustments in the human as well as natural systems in response to expected changes in climate. According to research carried out by scientists, levels of global warming and climate change are highest in temperate and polar regions (Siegfried and Avery 275). The Polar Regions have thick and large masses of slow moving ice known as glaciers. Glaciers cover a significant proportion of the earth surface. Ice carps and valley glaciers found in the Polar Regions contain more than 50 % of the world’s fresh water. Scientists have predicted that the rate of melting of glaciers and ice carps has increased in recent times due to increased global temperatures. The rate of melting is expected to increase in coming years if effective mitigation measures are not initiated to contain global warming. Scientists have also predicted that if the worldwide ‘business as usual’ culture continues, global warming will lead to a rise in the sea levels of approximately 25 inches. Other research shows that sea levels will rise as soon as in 2040. Rising sea levels, however, will rise depending on the rate with which glaciers and ice carps are melting. If the rate of global warming continues to increase, the rates with which glacie

Critical review of a social policy journal (article is available on Essay

Critical review of a social policy journal (article is available on sagepub) - Essay Example Janet attained all these academic qualifications in the University of Essex (The Open University, 2012). The article explains visual research, a form of research that uses photography to study a certain community. The article explains how photography can help in the collection of visual data, which helps in studying the aspects of a given community. The article is a guide on how visual data can help policy makers in obtaining information about the resources and the values that the community values. Janet’s article explains how the data collected using photographs to explain the differences among various communities in the contemporary England. In any society, there are clear issues that affect different communities that interact. There is that group of the society that does not enjoy benefits that other groups enjoy. For example, in Britain some communities are disadvantaged and marginalized in all aspects of life. A study of the experiences of community members and the areas that the communities views as problematic shows the actual gap between different communities in Britain. Visual research using photographs reveals the areas that account for the practices and problems that face the community. In addition, the research also shows the areas that the community members deem as good. ... Visual research is probably the best approach for decision-making about the welfare of a certain disadvantaged community. Critique of the article The article raises a number of issues concerning understanding the society. For instance, many marginalized communities face the problem of vandalism and destruction of property. This is due to the crash of ideas between different members of the society. Therefore, the communities are responsible for their problems in many instances. For instance, young people wanted the field for their own personal issues while other members of the community concerned themselves with protecting the field. The community divided itself along age and gender basis, but it is clear that the community has strong moral and social standards. The article brings to light how photography reveals some aspects that other people assume to be normal. For instance, the photographs on infrastructure indicate the local council's negligence in maintaining infrastructural fac ilities. Understanding the problems of disadvantaged members of the society needs complete masterly of all factors within their environment. Most of these factors, however, appear normal to many individuals, which hinders policy makers from making sense as well as interpreting the factors. The article stresses on the importance of visual data in analysing such information that may appear as irrelevant in the given communities (Fink, 2011). I agree with certain propositions of the article. The article stresses on the contributions of photography in studying various practices and experiences that influence the actions of marginalized communities. Visual research identifies aspects that affect the community and that appear normal in the eyes of many individuals. Policy makers need

A play Dennis Potter Essay Example for Free

A play Dennis Potter Essay Blue remembered hills is a play Dennis Potter. The title is taken from the poem Shropshire lad by A. E Houseman. It challenges the perception that childhood is innocent and that all children are pure and nice. One of the ways he does this is by using adults to play children so the unrealisticness of the play forces adults to focus on the meaning of everything going on in the play. The main meaning of the play is focused around the mindless cruelty of war and how this affects children living through it. The style of the play is flared narration. The play was originally a television play for the BBC in 1979. it was set in rural west country. For our play we are using bright lights to show that we are outside. We are also going to have some stones and sticks on the floor to play with to help us show the kids restlessness and constant movement. Could kick them etc. the setting is rural and in 1943 during the 2nd world war, this has affected the children a lot. There is a lot of racist speak about the Ities and the Japs. Then there are the games, also war related. Most of the games revolve around guns and violence. Lastly there is a lot of bragging that the boys do about what they are going to do in the army. In this essay I am also going to refer to my mother said I never should by charlotte Keatley and gum and goo by Howard Brenton. Charlotte Keatley was a feminist writer. My mother said I never should was first performed in 1087. In 1987 there were stronger roles for women and more active feminist movements in society. The play represents the plight of women and how women were treated in society, both by men and each other. The scene where the women are talking about menstrual cramps or the curse as they call it contrasts directly yet is similar to when the boys are talking about the war in blue remembered hills. Both plays show children discussing taboo subjects in an open and careless way. Howard Brenton play gum and goo was first performed in 1969. Adults didnt understand learning difficultys as well as they do now, in 1006. Ignorance leads to prejudice and eventually tragedy in gum and goo. This play is about an autistic girl who invents two friends, gum and goo, this character links directly to Raymond in blue remembered hills who has learning difficulties, maybe similar, but less severe to Michelles autism. . All three plays have adults playing children. This creates an objective distance so the unreality of the play is so obvious it doesnt allow the audience to get absorbed into the play. This was the audience is forced to concentrate on the issues and the challenged perceptions of childhood.

The mechanical and electromagnetic wave

The mechanical and electromagnetic wave Introduction A wave is a moving disturbance that transports energy from one place to another without transporting matter. Any wave is characterized as sort of disturbance that travels away form its sources. There are two examples of waves, mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves. Mechanical waves travelling through a material medium, such as water waves, sound waves and the seismic waves caused by earthquakes. Particles in the medium are disturbed from their equilibrium positions as the wave passes, returning to their equilibrium positions after the wave passed. Electromagnetic wave such as radio waves and light waves which has the disturbance consists of oscillating electromagnetic fields. Two of our five human senses are wave detectors: the ear is sensitive to the tiny fluctuations in air pressure caused by compression waves in air, which is sound whereas the eye is sensitive to electromagnetic waves in a certain frequency length that is light. (Richardson 2004). The examples of mechanical wave and electromagnetic wave Mechanical wave One of the examples of mechanical wave is sound wave.How does a sound wave be created? First, the disturbance from one location to another which carried by any medium. By far, the most familiar case is sound in a gas such as air. Second, there is a unique source of the wave. The vibrating object which creates the disturbance could be the string of a violin or guitar, vocal chords of a person, tuning fork, etc. Third way is particle-to-particle-interaction. If the sound wave is moving through the air, it will pull or push its nearest neighbors, causing a disturbance of its nearest neighbors. (National Science Digital Library Science, 2003). Besides, seismic wave is an example of mechanical wave. Seismic wave is a result of an earthquake, explosion or some others process that give out force. There are several different kinds of seismic waves, and they all move in different ways. There are two main types of seismic waves; they are body wavesandsurface waves. Body waves propagate into the body of the Earth. On the other hand, surface waves can only move along the surface of the Earth. Those are similar to water waves on the surface of a lake. Earthquakes radiate seismic energy as both body and surface waves. (Michele, n.d.). Seismic waves carry energy released by an earthquake to other parts of the Earth, sometimes with devastating results. Electromagnetic waves   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are lot types of electromagnetic waves. The one of the examples, radio waves which is used to carry conventional radio and television signals as well as signals for some cell phones and pagers. In addition, microwaves, X-Rays and gamma rays are also types of the electromagnetic spectrum. Microwaves in ovens carry energy from their source to the food. (Richardson 2004). Gamma rays are not only produced in nuclear power plants and the Sun, but also reach the Earth from the sources outside our solar system. The radiation people are able to detect by eyes falls into the rather narrow frequency range. This radiation is called visible light. Proceeding to frequencies above the range of visible light is ultraviolet light. The tragedy caused by wave The earthquake struck in Hanshin is caused by seismic waves which was the worse to hit Japan since the great Kanto earthquake of 1923. The 7.2-magnitude GreatHanshinEarthquake of 1995 hit the Kobe area at 5:46 a.m. on Tuesday, January 17, leaving in its wake more than 5200 deaths, 30,000 injured, 300,000 homeless, and 110,000 buildings damaged. (Fukushima 1995). How did the earthquake cause great devastation at locations many kilometers away? Seismic waves travel away from the focus of an earthquake both through the Earth (body waves) and along the Earths crust (surface waves), transporting vibrations and energy. However, the material through which the waves travel is not transported. Most earthquake damage is caused by seismic waves rather than caused by fault movement. In the Hanshin earthquake, damage to the buildings was caused by seismic waves at distances over 100km from the epicenter, but the motion of the vibrating particles in the ground never moved than about 1.5m. (Giambattista 2004) Optical phenomena (Atmospheric optics) The unique wave properties of the atmosphere cause a wide range of spectacular optical phenomena. One common example would be therainbow, when light from the sun is reflected and refracted by water droplets. Some, such as thegreen ray and Fata Morgana are so rare they are sometimes thought to be mythological.(John 2006) Why is the sky blue and not violet? The Rayleigh scattering of light by molecules in the atmosphere gets stronger as the wavelength decreases. We have claimed that this scattered of light gives the sky its blue light, so why isnt the sky violet instead? Two factors combine to make the sky blue instead of violet. First, the Sun emits more strongly in the blue than in the violet range (according to Fig.1). Second, peoples eyes are more sensitive to blue light to violet light. Hence, even though violet light scattered more strongly than blue light, people still perceive the sky is blue. (Nicholas, n.d.) Wiens Law: Hotter objects emit most of their radiation at shorterwavelengths; hence they will appear to bebluer. Cooler objects emit most of their radiation atlonger wavelengths; hence they will appear to beredder.

The Fenian Movement :: Essays Papers

The Fenian Movement One has seen numerous times throughout history the dissatisfaction of the people with their government towards their laws, economy, and politics. These people want to make a change in their society, consequently leading them to take action against their government. These actions not necessarily involve the use of force, but the leaders of the Fenian Movement that started in 1848 believed that they needed to apply force to unite themselves to take action against the British government regarding the struggle of the Irish people, separate from them, and become a republic. These groups of leaders were known as the Young Ireland. The leaders of the Young Ireland Uprising in 1848 were led by John O’Mahony and James Stephens. Both of these men were seen to the British authorities as criminals and they had to escape from punishment and fled to Paris. In 1853, John O’Mahony came to America were he tried to gain the support of the people who had left Ireland during the Grea t Famine for another uprising. However, James Stephens returned to Ireland in 1856, moving from place to place to see the reactions of the people of the situations that were occurring at the moment. As a result, in Dublin in March of 1858, he formed a secret society that became known as the Irish Republican Brotherhood. But at the same time, John O’Mahony became the leader of a similar group in America called the Fenian Brotherhood. The name of this group comes from the warriors who followed the legendary Irish hero, Finn Mc Cumhail (Fin Mc Cool). The main goal of both of these groups was to achieve Irish independence from British rule by force, meaning, they wanted Ireland as a republic. The Fenian Movement quickly attracted thousands of young supporters, both from Ireland and America. This movement particularly attracted artisans and shop assistants, rather than to the agrarian population. The Fenian Movement was not a success, but their leaders restored the morale i n the people at a time when the situation in their country was deplorable. However, the most important characteristic that this movement generated among Irish people was the sense of nationalism that united them all in one. There were several reasons related to the struggle of the Irish people that led the Fenian Movement leaders take action against the British government. The Fenian Movement :: Essays Papers The Fenian Movement One has seen numerous times throughout history the dissatisfaction of the people with their government towards their laws, economy, and politics. These people want to make a change in their society, consequently leading them to take action against their government. These actions not necessarily involve the use of force, but the leaders of the Fenian Movement that started in 1848 believed that they needed to apply force to unite themselves to take action against the British government regarding the struggle of the Irish people, separate from them, and become a republic. These groups of leaders were known as the Young Ireland. The leaders of the Young Ireland Uprising in 1848 were led by John O’Mahony and James Stephens. Both of these men were seen to the British authorities as criminals and they had to escape from punishment and fled to Paris. In 1853, John O’Mahony came to America were he tried to gain the support of the people who had left Ireland during the Grea t Famine for another uprising. However, James Stephens returned to Ireland in 1856, moving from place to place to see the reactions of the people of the situations that were occurring at the moment. As a result, in Dublin in March of 1858, he formed a secret society that became known as the Irish Republican Brotherhood. But at the same time, John O’Mahony became the leader of a similar group in America called the Fenian Brotherhood. The name of this group comes from the warriors who followed the legendary Irish hero, Finn Mc Cumhail (Fin Mc Cool). The main goal of both of these groups was to achieve Irish independence from British rule by force, meaning, they wanted Ireland as a republic. The Fenian Movement quickly attracted thousands of young supporters, both from Ireland and America. This movement particularly attracted artisans and shop assistants, rather than to the agrarian population. The Fenian Movement was not a success, but their leaders restored the morale i n the people at a time when the situation in their country was deplorable. However, the most important characteristic that this movement generated among Irish people was the sense of nationalism that united them all in one. There were several reasons related to the struggle of the Irish people that led the Fenian Movement leaders take action against the British government.

The play Refund is a light and rollicking play Essay

The thread of the one act ‘Refund’ itself is very interesting.A man about 40 is returning to his old school and demands to refund the tuition fees paid by him 18 years back for the reason that the education gave to him never proved useful and he is now no good for anything. The play comprises only a few characters – the principal, the teachers and the protoganist Wasserkopf. Wasserkopf’s mistakes act as learning ground. The protoganist is an object of wrong doings and commits all sorts of mistakes and finally gives up in the hands of the principal and the teachers. 1. Wasserkopf has a negative value i.e. determination but in doing wrong things.He is ready to do anything just to prove that his school has taught him nothing and his knowledge is negligible. 2. The protagonist’s address to his masters shows to the role players and the viewers that how important the values of respect and accuracy are. No doubts viewers especially students will laugh on such utterance but ultimately as the play advances further, this behaviour is mere mockery over the pupils who are always ready to blame others and the system. The mistake committed thus is linked up with the chain of events which finally leads to a moral teaching. 3. Here the protagonist considers himself to be very wise. But in reality it is his mistake .True wisdom is shown in the form of the masters. They are insulted at the hands of this pupil as he addresses them as ‘old stick-in-the-mud, cannibal. Hypocrite, nitwit, ass etc but they show patience and self control in teaching him a lesson. 4.Wasserkopf never worked hard and he is fired from his job because of the same reason i.e. his inability to work hard. Well at the end of the play it is ultimately proved that no doubts this ex-pupil tried to prove that his school taught him nothing, but it’s only his education which made him capable enough to calculate the correct sum in a systematic way. Therefore Wasserkopf had to suffer due to his lies and corrupt values.

American Independent Cinema: Representational Analysis of Women

â€Å"The Hollywood film industry itself has been (and continues to be to a large extent) male-dominated. Hence, male directors, producers, writers, and cinematographers all use the camera as an instrument to look at women. † (Benshoff, pg. 235) Gender also plays a large responsibility in the film industry when pertaining to what females can and can not do in films. Male characters are usually main characters and â€Å"in charge† within films, whereas the female characters are usually limited to just looking pretty while still remaining passive and somewhat outside of all the action within the story. Women today feel a large amount of pressure to look and behave like these female actresses portrayed on the big screen. With the preparation of these films women usually take a very long time in hair and make-up for the sole purpose of looking attractive and gaining more male attention in the films. Many females fail to realize how much time and preparation really goes into the looks and costume designs of the characters that are being portrayed within the film industry. In today’s society female’s feel as though they have to be beautiful and live up to a certain stereotype and â€Å"look† that is extremely unrealistic. Related essay: Pestle Analysis for Odeon Cinema Real Women Have Curves (2002)† was a film directed by Patricia Cardoso that challenges the representation of all women in society. Although the film is about a first generation Mexican-American female struggling with her family’s beliefs, her future, culture, and body, it reaches all female viewers with the same powerful message. The message is that all females can be empowered and should be proud of who they are and where they come from. Most importantly females should be proud of their bodies and not try to live up to the unlikely images that our American culture has welded for us today. Another film and director that challenged the male dominated movie industry was Susan Seidelman with her 1985 low-budget ($5million) film â€Å"Desperately Seeking Susan. † â€Å"†¦Seidelman doesn’t glamorize women at the expense of men. In fact, her strongest affinity is with desperate, aggressive women who never stop hustling. † (Levy, pg. 356) Her film â€Å"Desperately Seeking Susan† looks at contemporary issues of fame, self fulfillment, and social relationships, as well as personal identity. The film is about a petite New Jersey housewife named Roberta, who is bored, unsatisfied, and tired of her marriage routine life at home. She then begins to read the personals section of the New York newspaper for vicarious thrills and entertainment. Her favorite classified to read is one that features the romance of Jim who is a struggling musician and Susan who is a free-spirited single woman living her life in Soho New York. Susan had just recently escaped her ex boyfriend who was a mobster and stole a pair of very expensive Egyptian earrings. One bored day when Roberta reads the classified section she sees the ad â€Å"Desperately Seeking Susan† and decides to follow Susan and Jim. The reasoning as to why Roberta decided to take this extreme measure is because this was a way for her to escape her daily average life and become someone else for a day. The film then takes an unexpected turn and becomes all about reinvention as the housewife Roberta unknowingly with amnesia transforms herself into the wild and care-free character of Susan. There were a number of different codes within the film â€Å"Desperately Seeking Susan (1985)† that made it easier to understand its viewpoint. Some of the cultural codes recognized within the film include cultural, narrative, artistic, cinematic, and intertexual. The film took place during the 1980’s in a small suburban town in New Jersey as well as New York City. The characters of Roberta and Gary Glass are individuals being represented as members of an upper middle class society living in New Jersey. We know that they are upper middle class because of the context clues and dialogue that we see within the movie. We hear Mr. Glass tell his wife â€Å"what are we poor? † when he tells her that she bought a used jacket that used to belong to Jimi Hendrix. Roberta is a bored, full-time housewife and he is a hardworking husband. As the film continues we meet the other main character who is a fun loving, care-free, gold digging, woman named Susan from New York. The film is told through the eyes of the main character, which is a repressed and bored housewife named Roberta. The story is also partially told through the eyes of Susan the carefree and stylish woman from New York. The story is also told through the eyes of Roberta’s worried husband Gary and her love interest Dez. The film â€Å"Desperately Seeking Susan† was very creative and original. Some of the artistic codes within the film include the music in which is exceedingly upbeat and perfect for the time period of the 80’s. The clothing design within the film is extremely important and relevant to the development of Robert’s character. â€Å"Susan’s individualized pyramid jacket signifies her unconventional personal style and her fluency in innovating her own look. The jacket binds the two women together. Susan’s trading of looks shows her competence in putting together an always evolving and eccentric look, while Roberta’s purchase of the (second hand) jacket is part of her adventure and escape. † (Street, pg. 1) The costumes in the film stated the socio-economic status of the main characters and the time period. At the beginning of the film we acknowledge Roberta well dressed with a suburban flare and we also noticed Susan dressed as a stylish, upbeat, rocker. (Complete Opposites! ) The genre of the film â€Å"Desperately Seeking Susan† was comedy, drama, and romance because of its portrayal. The film portrays comedic humor with the mistaken identity of two polar opposites Roberta and Susan. Their journey is a comedic mystery and we never know what will happen next as Roberta searches for adventure and Susan hunts for the stolen Egyptian earring. The film also depicts drama with all of the confusion and an intense romance between Roberta and Jim. In conclusion, the film industry is particularly male dominated. However, there are more female directors, producers, etc. like Susan Seidelman and Patricia Cardoso who are making a remarkable change. These females are making films with predominately female casts, and with messages of strength, personal identity, social relationships and self- fulfillment. They’re challenging the film business and changing perceptions of women everywhere.

Free Essays on Maze Learning In Adults

MAZE LEARNING IN ADULTS INTRODUCTION Around the 1900’s Edward Thorndike attempted to develop an objective experimental method for the mechanical problem solving ability of cats and dogs. Thorndike devised a number of wooden crates which required various combinations of latches, levers, strings and treadles to open them. A cat or dog would be put into one of these ‘puzzle-boxes’ and sooner or later would manage to escape from it. Thorndike’s initial aim was to show the anecdotal achievements of cats and dogs could be replicated in controlled, standardised circumstance. However, he soon realised he could now measure animal intelligence with this equipment. His method was to set an animal the same task repeatedly, each time measuring the time it took to solve it. He was particularly interested in discovering whether his animals could learn tasks through imitation or observation. He compared the learning curves of cats who had been given the opportunity of observing others escaping from a b ox with those who had never seen the box being solved and found no difference in their rate of learning. He obtained the same null result with dogs and even when he put the animal’s paws on the appropriate lever and showed them how to open the box, there was no improvement. He fell back on a much simpler trial and error explanation of learning. He realised that when the animal performed the actions that opened the box they were more likely to perform the same action when put back in the box. The behaviourist position that human behaviour could be explained completely in terms of reflexes, stimulus-response (SR) associations and the effect of reinforcers upon them entirely excluding ‘mental’ terms like desires and goals was taken up by John Watson in his 1914 book ‘Behaviour: An Introduction to Comparative Psychology’. Watson was also involved with the introduction of the laboratory rat to psychology. He was employed ... Free Essays on Maze Learning In Adults Free Essays on Maze Learning In Adults MAZE LEARNING IN ADULTS INTRODUCTION Around the 1900’s Edward Thorndike attempted to develop an objective experimental method for the mechanical problem solving ability of cats and dogs. Thorndike devised a number of wooden crates which required various combinations of latches, levers, strings and treadles to open them. A cat or dog would be put into one of these ‘puzzle-boxes’ and sooner or later would manage to escape from it. Thorndike’s initial aim was to show the anecdotal achievements of cats and dogs could be replicated in controlled, standardised circumstance. However, he soon realised he could now measure animal intelligence with this equipment. His method was to set an animal the same task repeatedly, each time measuring the time it took to solve it. He was particularly interested in discovering whether his animals could learn tasks through imitation or observation. He compared the learning curves of cats who had been given the opportunity of observing others escaping from a b ox with those who had never seen the box being solved and found no difference in their rate of learning. He obtained the same null result with dogs and even when he put the animal’s paws on the appropriate lever and showed them how to open the box, there was no improvement. He fell back on a much simpler trial and error explanation of learning. He realised that when the animal performed the actions that opened the box they were more likely to perform the same action when put back in the box. The behaviourist position that human behaviour could be explained completely in terms of reflexes, stimulus-response (SR) associations and the effect of reinforcers upon them entirely excluding ‘mental’ terms like desires and goals was taken up by John Watson in his 1914 book ‘Behaviour: An Introduction to Comparative Psychology’. Watson was also involved with the introduction of the laboratory rat to psychology. He was employed ...

Telephone TV Cable Television essays

Telephone TV Cable Television essays In today's world the bounds of information technology are being pushed further and further every day. With Local Area Networks spanning into WorldWide Area Networks and globalization happening to every small business with a connection to the Internet the need for alternatives is growing. Technology and hardware are increasing faster than people with the skills to support them are. With this the ways to connect and expand into the Internet are improving as well as the speed of connections. There are many ways to gain access onto today's Internet and discussed here are going to be three common ways such as the modem, the cable modem and Microsoft's WebTV. These three describe represent the novice, the intermediate, and the advanced. One of the most common ways to connect to the Internet is the modem or the dial-up adapter. It is the most prevalent of the three and was one of the first pieces of hardware used to connect to the Internet. The modem is very similar to a telephone in which the computer when instructed will dial up a telephone number given to you by your ISP (Internet Service Provider) and establish a connection between you and your provider allowing you access to the Internet. The modem has made some advances from it's initial stages and had managed to increase it's downloading speeds, commonly used when browsing and it's uploading speeds used more often when sending Email. Currently the modem is reaching it's pinnacle as speeds are reached at around 56 Kilobytes per second which is for download only and the uploads are at a more modest 28.8K or 33.6K. Unfortunately top speeds in the United States will be initially limited to 53K because of FCC regulations. The FCC does not actually limit modem speeds rather it limits the amount of power that can be sent through the phone line. In order to prevent interference with other electrical devices the FCC places limitations not on the modem but on the server equipmen...

Case Study of Managing patient suffering Opoid constipation

Case Study of Managing patient suffering Opoid constipation This case study outlines the clinical management of a client with a problem with Opioid induced constipation. Opioid analgesics (narcotics) cause constipation in most people. Opioids slow down the stool as it passes along the intestinal tract. This causes the stool to become hard. If you have hard stools, have difficulty passing bowel movements and the movements become infrequent, then you have constipation. Constipation can be very bothersome and last as long as you are taking narcotics on a regular basis. Therefore, it is important that we learn to manage our bowels effectively. Throughout the analysis the anonymity and confidentiality of this patient will be protected as outlined by the Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008) and therefore the patient will be referred to as Mark Scott. Additionally consent was gained by Mark to allow the author to use his case for my assessment. History of present illness Mark Scott is a 64 year old gentleman who is 2 days post op following a Right Total Hip Replacement (RTHR). Total hip replacement involves removal of a diseased hip joint and replacement with a prosthetic joint. Whilst doing the medications Mark confided in the nurse that he may have a problem with his bowels and that he may be constipated. To enable the nurse to assess Mark she would have to understand constipation, it helps to know how the colon, or large intestine, works. As food moves through the colon, the colon absorbs water from the food while it forms waste products, or stool. Muscle contractions in the colon then push the stool toward the rectum. By the time stool reaches the rectum it is solid, because most of the water has been absorbed. Constipation occurs when the colon absorbs too much water or if the colon’s muscle contractions are slow or sluggish, causing the stool to move through the colon too slowly. As a result, stools can become hard and dry. Mark asked the nurse if there was anything she could give him to ease the discomfort he wa s experiencing, However as Mark has presented with a new problem with the possibility of him needing medication, the nurse would first need to undertake a holistic assessment of Mark. The purpose of assessment is to allow the nurse to examine all relevant factors of the problem and allow her to make the decision of whether prescribing a patient group directive (PGD) is an appropriate intervention (Humphries, 2002). Consider the patient When Mark stated he thought he was constipated, it was important to ascertain his own interpretation of what this meant. For example, Wondergerm (2005) states that for some, constipation may mean opening their bowels less than three times a day. On the other hand, constipation may mean opening of the bowels less than three times a week. There appears to be a general consensus that the range for normal bowel activity lies somewhere between three bowel motions daily to one bowel motion every three days. However, it is important to remember that a change from three bowel motions a day to one every three days may represent a significant change for the patient, despite remaining within the normal limits (Peate, 2003).